II. BIOLOGY TOPICS

 

  1. Inquiry, Reflection, and Social Implication
  2. Organization and Development of Living Systems
  3. Interdependence of Living Systems and Environment
  4. Genetics
  5. Evolution and Biodiversity

 

Additional Sites for Biology

  1. Teaching Units / Lesson Plans
  2. Student Activities / Projects / Interactive Sites
  3. Information / Facts / Data / Reports
  4. Videos / Movies / Animations 
  5. Photographs / Slides / Diagrams / Graphics
  6. Periodicals / Journals / Newspapers
  7. Searches / Explorations / Projects / Investigations
  8. Life Science Topics for Teachers

 

B4. Genetics

High School

a. L4.p1 Reproduction (prerequisite)
Reproduction is a characteristic of all living systems; because no individual organism lives forever, reproduction is essential to the continuation of every species. Some organisms reproduce asexually. Other organisms reproduce sexually. (prerequisite)

  1. Cells are Us
    Take a journey as the human body goes from egg and sperm to life, explaining the splitting of chromosomes in very simple terms. This site covers basic mitosis.
  2. Cytographics
    There are many videos showing cells.  The best for this benchmark is called "Three eggs of the African Toad." This video clip shows a single cell dividing until it becomes a tadpole.  Great example that "living things are made of cells."
  3. Science-class.net
    This site is a teacher resource for lectures, and acivities related to reproduction. Also there are links to interactive activities for the students
  4. The First Nine Months
    This site contains a personalized narration and pictoral of the embryonic development of a human from conception to birth. The graphics are excellent and the site is well organized. Many of the still pictures are interactive so that one can either magnify an image to explore certain features in more detail or read short descriptions of the feature.

b. L4.p2 Heredity and Environment (prerequisite)
The characteristics of organisms are influenced by heredity and environment. For some characteristics, inheritance is more important. For other characteristics, interactions with the environment are more important. (prerequisite)

  1. Ewe 2: A Case Study ? Introduction
    This site presents a case study activity for teaching about heredity.  The activity centers around the moral ethical dilemma around cloning.  This site is very comprehensive including everything a teacher would need to do this activity with their class.
  2. Genetic Science Learning Center
    The Genetic Science Learning Center involves four categories for exploration: basic genetics, genetic disorders, genetics in society, and genetic thematic units. Each site includes the following areas of study: general information, on-line and hands-on activities, experiments/lab protocols, and group activities.
  3. Simulation of Heredity
    This site simulates how DNA wraps up into chromosomes; how individuals have different genes; mitosis and meiosis and a lot more.

c. B4.1 Genetics and Inherited Traits
Hereditary information is contained in genes, located in the chromosomes of each cell. Cells contain many thousands of different genes. One or many genes can determine an inherited trait of an individual, and a single gene can influence more than one trait. Before a cell divides, this genetic information must be copied and apportioned evenly into the daughter cells.

  1. A Gene Map of the Human Genome
    Interactive chart of the Human Genome Project findings
  2. Anatomy & Physiology II Animations Movies & Interactive Tutorial Links (Genetics)
    This site is site filled with animations. Teachers can select from a vast amount of various animations within each category. This is an excellent teacher resource, along with being extremely informative for the students.
  3. Anatomy & Physiology II Animations Movies & Interactive Tutorial Links (Embryo)
    This site is site filled with animations. Teachers can select from a vast amount of various animations within each category. This is an excellent teacher resource, along with being extremely informative for the students.
  4. Science-class.net
    This site is an outstanding teacher resource for labs, lectures, and acivities related to Genetics
  5. Mendel Web New
    This site offers substantial background on Mendel, his experiments and the law of segregation and independent assortment.
  6. Mendelian Genetics
    A review site of Mendel which allows students to interact and solve problems with accompanying tutorials. This reviews Mendel's principles and you are accessed to the Virtual Fly Lab.
  7. National Human Genome Research Institute
    Many teacher resources are provided that include topics for beginning students and project information for the more advanced. This is the site of the federal organization that manages the Human Genome Project for the National Institites of Health.
  8. OLogy: The Science Scoop ? The Human Genome Project
    A web presentation on the human genome project that provides introductory information.  This site is very student friendly.
  9. The Biology Project - Monohybrid Cross New
    This is a tutorial and problem set on monohybrid crosses. Complete dominance, incomplete dominance, and codominance are all featured. The student has to perform a quiz and if an answer is incorrect, they are linked to tutorials.
  10. Your Genes, Your Choices
    "Your Genes, Your Choices" describes the Human Genome Project, the science behind it, and the ethical, legal, and social issues that are raised by the project. This site was based on a book that was written as part of the Science + Literacy for Health project of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.

d. B4.2 DNA
The genetic information encoded in DNA molecules provides instructions for assembling protein molecules. Genes are segments of DNA molecules. Inserting, deleting, or substituting DNA segments can alter genes. An altered gene may be passed on to every cell that develops from it. The resulting features may help, harm, or have little or no effect on the offspring’s success in its environment.

  1. About Biotech
    Good site outlining new procedures in DNA technology. Contains graphics gallery, applied technology, and issues and ethics. A lot of excellent information on DNA technology is provided.
  2. Biology Project - Chemicals and Human Health New
    This website contains problem sets for exposure to chemicals and the effects on the kidneys and lungs. It also has a problem set for basic toxicology.
  3. DNA From the Beginning
    "DNA From the Beginning" is an animated primer on the basics of DNA, genes, and heredity. The site is organized around key concepts. The science behind each concept is explained by: animation, image gallery, video interview, problem solving, biographies, and links to other sites.
  4. DNA Structure New
    An interactive animated DNA structure tutortial. This site includes animated tutorials, questions for students, and lesson plans for teachers.
  5. HHMI Transgenic Fly Lab Introduction
    This site is a virtual lab on genetics and circadian biology using the process of creating transgenic flies. This is an excellent teacher resource, along with being extremely informative for the students.
  6. HHMI Virtual Bacterial ID Lab
    This site is a virtual lab on genetics using the process of DNA sequencing to determine different types of bacteria . This is an excellent teacher resource, along with being extremely informative for the students.
  7. Morgan: A Genetics Tutorial (D.N.A. Tutorial)
    The Morgan Homepage is a multimedia D.N.A. tutorial that covers the basic principles of genetics, suitable for an advanced high school class. An excellent site for students to reference in order to solve problems presented by the instructor.  An in-depth, comprehensive source capable of covering all three benchmarks.  Requires Netscape and downloadable plug-in.
  8. OLogy: DNA Detective
    This simple site has two parts that help to teach about DNA Fingerprinting.  The first is a fictitious storyabout a scientist using DNA to identify an organism.  The second part is a DNA matching game.
  9. The Dolan DNA Learning Center: Gene Almanac
    This is a science center devoted entirely to public genetics education. Offers news and information about resources, workshops, and programs. An operating unit of ColdSpring Harbor Laboratory.
  10. Human Biology Project New
    This is a karyotyping activity for students to do on the internet. They have to match chromosomes and determine if there is a potential genetic abnormality. The site guides the students through the process and choices are limited, so student frustration should be low.
  11. Understanding Genetics
    Under the feature section of this site, there are some interesting presentations including a picture of DNA that has been magnified 850,000x. There is another feature to figure out the eye color of your offspring, and a section on DNA and health.
  12. Virtual Gel Electrophoresis Lab New
    This is a virtual lab for gel electrophoresis. The students have to perform the process piece by piece, as if they were running an electrophoresis chamber. They also have to interpret the information after performing the lab. There are forensic pathways and chamber set up pathways also provided.

e. B4.2x DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis
Protein synthesis begins with the information in a sequence of DNA bases being copied onto messenger RNA. This molecule moves from the nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm where it is “read.” Transfer RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome, where they are connected in the correct sequence to form a specific protein.

  1. Basic Genetics
    This site is an interactive database leading the student through DNA transcription, RNA translation and protein formation.

f. B4.3 Cell Division — Mitosis and Meiosis
Sorting and recombination of genes in sexual reproduction results in a great variety of possible gene combinations from the offspring of any two parents.

  1. Bio Manual 1: Molecules and Cells 
    Students can explore the process of mitosis through a series of lessons/exercises.  Includes nice diagrams, step by step directions, glossary terms, supply list for needed materials and supplementary resources.  An excellent site for lessons pertaining to mitosis. Gives lesson plans, activities for students, teachers guide, knowledge mapping, alternative ideas, glossary terms, etc. Go to the home page to find other subject matter on biology.
  2. Cell Division Genetic Consequences
    This is a good site for the students to learn or review the basics of mitosis and meiosis. This interactive site allows students to view images in order to determine which stage of mitosis/meiosis is occuring.
  3. Dynamic Development New
    This site is an excellent teacher resource for study of embryology.
  4. Embryology Tutorial New
    This site is an excellent teacher resource for information and study of embryology. All phases of embryonic development are discussed in regards to amphibians and echinoderms.
  5. Human Biology Project New
    This is a karyotyping activity for students to do on the internet. They have to match chromosomes and determine if there is a potential genetic abnormality. The site guides the students through the process and choices are limited, so student frustration should be low.
  6. McGraw Hill-Biology
    Java Applets Animations: this site offers several different animations related to cell biology. Also this site has interactive puzzles and quizzes for the student.
  7. McNally Lab Movies New
    This website has a sequence of 14 short movies on meiosis.
  8. Meiosis Animation
    This site has an animation that shows how meiosis and mitosis is different in it's first replication. It also has links to other animations for the second division of mitosis.
  9. Meiosis Animation-Microsoft
    This site has a good animation of meiosis with a quiz students can take at the end of it.
  10. Mitosis
    This site provides animations and information on the cell cycle and mitosis. You can view them as a separate stage or as part of the entire cycle. Also through photographic technology, the site shows an actual plant cell go through the last two stages of mitosis. Shockwave required and can be downloaded at site.
  11. Mitosis and Cell Cycle Animation
    The site provides animations and information on the cell cycle and mitosis. There is a short quiz as well after the complete sequence is done.

g. B4.4x Genetic Variation
Genetic variation is essential to biodiversity and the stability of a population. Genetic variation is ensured by the formation of gametes and their combination to form a zygote. Opportunities for genetic variation also occur during cell division when chromosomes exchange genetic material causing permanent changes in the DNA sequences of the chromosomes. Random mutations in DNA structure caused by the environment are another source of genetic variation.

  1. Blazing a Genetic Trail
    Information site that has plenty of facts about mutations, reading the human blueprint, and using mice's genes to help cure human diseases.
  2. DNA and Mutations
    This site explores the way mutations can occur in DNA to result in evolutionary changes in organisms. The site explores the following areas: DNA and the molecular basis of mutations; types of mutations; causes of mutations; effects of mutations; a case study of the effects of mutation; and the random nature of mutations.
  3. I Can Do That
    This site has a story line version of the genetic science benchmarks. Students will enjoy learning how DNA works and how genes jump around on the chromosome.
  4. Inside Cancer New
    This is a complete website devoted to cancer origins, mechanisms, vocabulary and explanations. Students could use this as a research site or be directed through it under the supervision of their teacher. There are excellent pictures and examples on this web site.
  5. Secrets of the Sequence Videos/Lessons
    These videos and accompanying lesson plans take you and your students to laboratories where scientists are investigating fascinating questions. SOSq creates an avenue for students to learn from leading scientists and ethicists about the profound moral, ethical and legal impact of recent discoveries in the life sciences. With increasing public awareness of the technical and bioethical issues surrounding the life sciences discoveries of the 21st century, Secrets of the Sequence videos and accompanying classroom-tested lesson plans are designed to help teachers expand their students’ knowledge. Lesson plans are designed to walk teachers through videos, provide disscussion questions, and student follow-up activities. Short and current videos!
  6. The Biology Project - Blackett DNA Activity
    This website provides students with information and activities on maternity and paternity testing, how investigators use DNA to find a missing person, and how you can construct a pedigree. Some of the terms are a little technical, but there is a lot of information for support. Also, at the bottom of the page you can choose "Human Biology", which includes two activities of Karotyping, blood typing, and links to other sites including the Center for Disease Control.
  7. Virtual Polymerase Chain Reaction New
    This is a virtual PCR demonstration that the student has to navigate through. It shows how the DNA is denatured and copied in a laboratory setting.

h. B4.r5x Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA technology allows scientists in the laboratory to combine the genes from different sources, sometimes different species, into a single DNA molecule. This manipulation of genes using bacterial plasmids has been used for many practical purposes including the mass production of chemicals and drugs. (recommended)

  1. Ewe 2: A Case Study ? Introduction
    This site presents a case study activity for teaching about heredity.  The activity centers around the moral ethical dilemma around cloning.  This site is very comprehensive including everything a teacher would need to do this activity with their class.
  2. OLogy: All About Cloning
    This is a site about cloning and that famous ewe, Dolly.  The site includes a very good visual description of the cloning process that students are so often curious about.
  3. Ology: The Quest for the Perfect Tomato
    This site takes a basic look at genetic engineering and contrasts it with selective breeding.  Students are asked to consider the benefits and risks of this technology.
  4. The Biology Project - Recombiant DNA New
    This site has a problem set and tutorial for basic techniques and principles of recombiant DNA.
  5. Visible Proofs New
    This site provides lesson plans and interactive applications for students to analyze DNA evidence. The site provides information for teachers and also pathways for students to manipulate the information. DNA evidence is studied through technology and specific cases.

 

 

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